Types of Disabilities
Visible versus Invisible
Some disabilities, such as limb difference or dwarfism, are visible to most folks.
Other disabilities, like deafness or dyslexia, are invisible.
It's important to avoid making assumptions about your students' access needs based on appearance. For example, we can easily turn on video captions during class even if we don't see anyone using hearing aids or cochlear implants.
Temporary versus Permanent
Imagine that you have two students using wheelchairs in one of your classes. One student recently broke their leg skiing, while the other student was born with a genetic bone disorder called osteogenesis imperfecta. While both students share similar course needs (for example, wheelchair-compatible seating in your classroom), they experience their disabilities quite differently. The newly-disabled student, for instance, might not be familiar with the accommodation process.
Congenital versus Acquired
Similarly, someone born without sight experiences their blindness very differently from someone who becomes blind in adulthood. A student who has recently lost their vision will need time to learn how to use assistive technologies like screen readers.
The sunflower is an international symbol for hidden disabilities. Some folks with invisible disabilities wear lanyards with sunflowers to indicate their need for extra time or support, especially while traveling.